Infrastructure as Code

Purpose

Define infrastructure as version-controlled code, enabling reproducible environments and automated provisioning.

When to Use

• Provisioning cloud resources
• Creating development environments
• Managing infrastructure changes
• Disaster recovery planning

Key Capabilities

1. Declarative Infrastructure - Define desired state in code
2. Container Configuration - Create Docker images and configurations
3. State Management - Track infrastructure state and changes

Approach

1. Choose appropriate tool (Terraform, Docker, K8s)
2. Define resources declaratively
3. Use modules for reusability
4. Version control infrastructure code
5. Apply infrastructure changes safely

Example

# Terraform example
resource "aws_instance" "web" {
  ami           = "ami-0c55b159cbfafe1f0"
  instance_type = "t3.medium"
  
  tags = {
    Name = "web-server"
    Environment = "production"
  }
}

# Docker example
FROM node:18-alpine
WORKDIR /app
COPY package*.json ./
RUN npm ci --only=production
COPY . .
EXPOSE 3000
CMD ["node", "server.js"]

Best Practices

• ✅ Version control all infrastructure code
• ✅ Use modules for reusability
• ✅ Implement least privilege access
• ✅ Tag resources for cost tracking
• ❌ Avoid: Manual infrastructure changes
• ❌ Avoid: Hardcoding credentials