React Hook Builder

Build production-ready custom React hooks following best practices and TypeScript patterns.

Core Workflow

Identify the pattern: Determine what logic to encapsulate
Design the API: Define inputs, outputs, and options
Add TypeScript types: Full type safety with generics
Handle edge cases: Loading, errors, cleanup
Optimize performance: Memoization where needed
Write tests: Cover all states and scenarios

Hook Naming Conventions

// Always prefix with "use"
useLocalStorage     // ✓
useDebounce         // ✓
useFetch            // ✓
localStorageHook    // ✗
fetchData           // ✗

Data Fetching Hooks

useFetch

// hooks/useFetch.ts
import { useState, useEffect, useCallback, useRef } from 'react';

interface UseFetchOptions<T> {
  immediate?: boolean;
  onSuccess?: (data: T) => void;
  onError?: (error: Error) => void;
}

interface UseFetchResult<T> {
  data: T | null;
  error: Error | null;
  isLoading: boolean;
  isError: boolean;
  isSuccess: boolean;
  refetch: () => Promise<void>;
}

export function useFetch<T>(
  url: string | null,
  options: UseFetchOptions<T> = {}
): UseFetchResult<T> {
  const { immediate = true, onSuccess, onError } = options;

  const [data, setData] = useState<T | null>(null);
  const [error, setError] = useState<Error | null>(null);
  const [isLoading, setIsLoading] = useState(false);

  const abortControllerRef = useRef<AbortController | null>(null);

  const fetchData = useCallback(async () => {
    if (!url) return;

    // Cancel previous request
    abortControllerRef.current?.abort();
    abortControllerRef.current = new AbortController();

    setIsLoading(true);
    setError(null);

    try {
      const response = await fetch(url, {
        signal: abortControllerRef.current.signal,
      });

      if (!response.ok) {
        throw new Error(`HTTP error! status: ${response.status}`);
      }

      const result = await response.json();
      setData(result);
      onSuccess?.(result);
    } catch (err) {
      if (err instanceof Error && err.name === 'AbortError') {
        return; // Ignore abort errors
      }
      const error = err instanceof Error ? err : new Error('Unknown error');
      setError(error);
      onError?.(error);
    } finally {
      setIsLoading(false);
    }
  }, [url, onSuccess, onError]);

  useEffect(() => {
    if (immediate) {
      fetchData();
    }

    return () => {
      abortControllerRef.current?.abort();
    };
  }, [fetchData, immediate]);

  return {
    data,
    error,
    isLoading,
    isError: !!error,
    isSuccess: !!data && !error,
    refetch: fetchData,
  };
}

// Usage
function UserProfile({ userId }: { userId: string }) {
  const { data: user, isLoading, error } = useFetch<User>(
    `/api/users/${userId}`
  );

  if (isLoading) return <Spinner />;
  if (error) return <Error message={error.message} />;
  return <Profile user={user!} />;
}

useMutation

// hooks/useMutation.ts
import { useState, useCallback } from 'react';

interface UseMutationOptions<TData, TVariables> {
  onSuccess?: (data: TData, variables: TVariables) => void;
  onError?: (error: Error, variables: TVariables) => void;
  onSettled?: (data: TData | undefined, error: Error | null, variables: TVariables) => void;
}

interface UseMutationResult<TData, TVariables> {
  data: TData | null;
  error: Error | null;
  isLoading: boolean;
  isError: boolean;
  isSuccess: boolean;
  mutate: (variables: TVariables) => Promise<TData | undefined>;
  reset: () => void;
}

export function useMutation<TData, TVariables>(
  mutationFn: (variables: TVariables) => Promise<TData>,
  options: UseMutationOptions<TData, TVariables> = {}
): UseMutationResult<TData, TVariables> {
  const { onSuccess, onError, onSettled } = options;

  const [data, setData] = useState<TData | null>(null);
  const [error, setError] = useState<Error | null>(null);
  const [isLoading, setIsLoading] = useState(false);

  const mutate = useCallback(
    async (variables: TVariables) => {
      setIsLoading(true);
      setError(null);

      try {
        const result = await mutationFn(variables);
        setData(result);
        onSuccess?.(result, variables);
        onSettled?.(result, null, variables);
        return result;
      } catch (err) {
        const error = err instanceof Error ? err : new Error('Unknown error');
        setError(error);
        onError?.(error, variables);
        onSettled?.(undefined, error, variables);
        return undefined;
      } finally {
        setIsLoading(false);
      }
    },
    [mutationFn, onSuccess, onError, onSettled]
  );

  const reset = useCallback(() => {
    setData(null);
    setError(null);
    setIsLoading(false);
  }, []);

  return {
    data,
    error,
    isLoading,
    isError: !!error,
    isSuccess: !!data && !error,
    mutate,
    reset,
  };
}

// Usage
function CreateUser() {
  const { mutate, isLoading } = useMutation(
    async (data: CreateUserDto) => {
      const res = await fetch('/api/users', {
        method: 'POST',
        body: JSON.stringify(data),
      });
      return res.json();
    },
    {
      onSuccess: () => toast.success('User created!'),
    }
  );

  return (
    <button onClick={() => mutate({ name: 'John' })} disabled={isLoading}>
      Create User
    </button>
  );
}

Form Hooks

useForm

// hooks/useForm.ts
import { useState, useCallback, ChangeEvent, FormEvent } from 'react';

type ValidationRules<T> = {
  [K in keyof T]?: (value: T[K], values: T) => string | undefined;
};

interface UseFormOptions<T> {
  initialValues: T;
  validate?: ValidationRules<T>;
  onSubmit: (values: T) => void | Promise<void>;
}

interface UseFormResult<T> {
  values: T;
  errors: Partial<Record<keyof T, string>>;
  touched: Partial<Record<keyof T, boolean>>;
  isSubmitting: boolean;
  isValid: boolean;
  handleChange: (e: ChangeEvent<HTMLInputElement | HTMLTextAreaElement | HTMLSelectElement>) => void;
  handleBlur: (e: ChangeEvent<HTMLInputElement | HTMLTextAreaElement | HTMLSelectElement>) => void;
  handleSubmit: (e: FormEvent) => void;
  setFieldValue: <K extends keyof T>(field: K, value: T[K]) => void;
  setFieldError: (field: keyof T, error: string) => void;
  reset: () => void;
}

export function useForm<T extends Record<string, any>>({
  initialValues,
  validate = {},
  onSubmit,
}: UseFormOptions<T>): UseFormResult<T> {
  const [values, setValues] = useState<T>(initialValues);
  const [errors, setErrors] = useState<Partial<Record<keyof T, string>>>({});
  const [touched, setTouched] = useState<Partial<Record<keyof T, boolean>>>({});
  const [isSubmitting, setIsSubmitting] = useState(false);

  const validateField = useCallback(
    (name: keyof T, value: T[keyof T]) => {
      const validator = validate[name];
      if (validator) {
        return validator(value, values);
      }
      return undefined;
    },
    [validate, values]
  );

  const validateAll = useCallback(() => {
    const newErrors: Partial<Record<keyof T, string>> = {};
    let isValid = true;

    (Object.keys(values) as Array<keyof T>).forEach((key) => {
      const error = validateField(key, values[key]);
      if (error) {
        newErrors[key] = error;
        isValid = false;
      }
    });

    setErrors(newErrors);
    return isValid;
  }, [values, validateField]);

  const handleChange = useCallback(
    (e: ChangeEvent<HTMLInputElement | HTMLTextAreaElement | HTMLSelectElement>) => {
      const { name, value, type } = e.target;
      const newValue = type === 'checkbox' ? (e.target as HTMLInputElement).checked : value;

      setValues((prev) => ({ ...prev, [name]: newValue }));

      // Clear error on change
      if (errors[name as keyof T]) {
        setErrors((prev) => ({ ...prev, [name]: undefined }));
      }
    },
    [errors]
  );

  const handleBlur = useCallback(
    (e: ChangeEvent<HTMLInputElement | HTMLTextAreaElement | HTMLSelectElement>) => {
      const { name, value } = e.target;

      setTouched((prev) => ({ ...prev, [name]: true }));

      const error = validateField(name as keyof T, value as T[keyof T]);
      if (error) {
        setErrors((prev) => ({ ...prev, [name]: error }));
      }
    },
    [validateField]
  );

  const handleSubmit = useCallback(
    async (e: FormEvent) => {
      e.preventDefault();

      // Mark all fields as touched
      const allTouched = Object.keys(values).reduce(
        (acc, key) => ({ ...acc, [key]: true }),
        {}
      );
      setTouched(allTouched);

      if (!validateAll()) {
        return;
      }

      setIsSubmitting(true);
      try {
        await onSubmit(values);
      } finally {
        setIsSubmitting(false);
      }
    },
    [values, validateAll, onSubmit]
  );

  const setFieldValue = useCallback(<K extends keyof T>(field: K, value: T[K]) => {
    setValues((prev) => ({ ...prev, [field]: value }));
  }, []);

  const setFieldError = useCallback((field: keyof T, error: string) => {
    setErrors((prev) => ({ ...prev, [field]: error }));
  }, []);

  const reset = useCallback(() => {
    setValues(initialValues);
    setErrors({});
    setTouched({});
    setIsSubmitting(false);
  }, [initialValues]);

  const isValid = Object.keys(errors).length === 0;

  return {
    values,
    errors,
    touched,
    isSubmitting,
    isValid,
    handleChange,
    handleBlur,
    handleSubmit,
    setFieldValue,
    setFieldError,
    reset,
  };
}

// Usage
function LoginForm() {
  const { values, errors, touched, isSubmitting, handleChange, handleBlur, handleSubmit } =
    useForm({
      initialValues: { email: '', password: '' },
      validate: {
        email: (value) => (!value.includes('@') ? 'Invalid email' : undefined),
        password: (value) => (value.length < 8 ? 'Min 8 characters' : undefined),
      },
      onSubmit: async (values) => {
        await login(values);
      },
    });

  return (
    <form onSubmit={handleSubmit}>
      <input
        name="email"
        value={values.email}
        onChange={handleChange}
        onBlur={handleBlur}
      />
      {touched.email && errors.email && <span>{errors.email}</span>}

      <input
        name="password"
        type="password"
        value={values.password}
        onChange={handleChange}
        onBlur={handleBlur}
      />
      {touched.password && errors.password && <span>{errors.password}</span>}

      <button type="submit" disabled={isSubmitting}>
        {isSubmitting ? 'Loading...' : 'Login'}
      </button>
    </form>
  );
}

Storage Hooks

useLocalStorage

// hooks/useLocalStorage.ts
import { useState, useEffect, useCallback } from 'react';

export function useLocalStorage<T>(
  key: string,
  initialValue: T
): [T, (value: T | ((prev: T) => T)) => void, () => void] {
  // Get initial value from localStorage or use provided initial value
  const [storedValue, setStoredValue] = useState<T>(() => {
    if (typeof window === 'undefined') {
      return initialValue;
    }

    try {
      const item = window.localStorage.getItem(key);
      return item ? JSON.parse(item) : initialValue;
    } catch (error) {
      console.error(`Error reading localStorage key "${key}":`, error);
      return initialValue;
    }
  });

  // Update localStorage when value changes
  const setValue = useCallback(
    (value: T | ((prev: T) => T)) => {
      try {
        const valueToStore = value instanceof Function ? value(storedValue) : value;
        setStoredValue(valueToStore);
        window.localStorage.setItem(key, JSON.stringify(valueToStore));

        // Dispatch event for other tabs/windows
        window.dispatchEvent(
          new StorageEvent('storage', {
            key,
            newValue: JSON.stringify(valueToStore),
          })
        );
      } catch (error) {
        console.error(`Error setting localStorage key "${key}":`, error);
      }
    },
    [key, storedValue]
  );

  // Remove from localStorage
  const removeValue = useCallback(() => {
    try {
      window.localStorage.removeItem(key);
      setStoredValue(initialValue);
    } catch (error) {
      console.error(`Error removing localStorage key "${key}":`, error);
    }
  }, [key, initialValue]);

  // Sync with other tabs
  useEffect(() => {
    const handleStorageChange = (e: StorageEvent) => {
      if (e.key === key && e.newValue !== null) {
        setStoredValue(JSON.parse(e.newValue));
      }
    };

    window.addEventListener('storage', handleStorageChange);
    return () => window.removeEventListener('storage', handleStorageChange);
  }, [key]);

  return [storedValue, setValue, removeValue];
}

// Usage
function Settings() {
  const [theme, setTheme] = useLocalStorage('theme', 'light');

  return (
    <select value={theme} onChange={(e) => setTheme(e.target.value)}>
      <option value="light">Light</option>
      <option value="dark">Dark</option>
    </select>
  );
}

useSessionStorage

// hooks/useSessionStorage.ts
// Same pattern as useLocalStorage but with sessionStorage
export function useSessionStorage<T>(
  key: string,
  initialValue: T
): [T, (value: T | ((prev: T) => T)) => void] {
  const [storedValue, setStoredValue] = useState<T>(() => {
    if (typeof window === 'undefined') return initialValue;
    try {
      const item = window.sessionStorage.getItem(key);
      return item ? JSON.parse(item) : initialValue;
    } catch {
      return initialValue;
    }
  });

  const setValue = (value: T | ((prev: T) => T)) => {
    const valueToStore = value instanceof Function ? value(storedValue) : value;
    setStoredValue(valueToStore);
    window.sessionStorage.setItem(key, JSON.stringify(valueToStore));
  };

  return [storedValue, setValue];
}

Utility Hooks

useDebounce

// hooks/useDebounce.ts
import { useState, useEffect } from 'react';

export function useDebounce<T>(value: T, delay: number): T {
  const [debouncedValue, setDebouncedValue] = useState<T>(value);

  useEffect(() => {
    const timer = setTimeout(() => {
      setDebouncedValue(value);
    }, delay);

    return () => {
      clearTimeout(timer);
    };
  }, [value, delay]);

  return debouncedValue;
}

// Usage
function Search() {
  const [query, setQuery] = useState('');
  const debouncedQuery = useDebounce(query, 300);

  const { data } = useFetch(
    debouncedQuery ? `/api/search?q=${debouncedQuery}` : null
  );

  return <input value={query} onChange={(e) => setQuery(e.target.value)} />;
}

useDebouncedCallback

// hooks/useDebouncedCallback.ts
import { useCallback, useRef, useEffect } from 'react';

export function useDebouncedCallback<T extends (...args: any[]) => any>(
  callback: T,
  delay: number
): T {
  const timeoutRef = useRef<NodeJS.Timeout>();
  const callbackRef = useRef(callback);

  // Update callback ref on every render
  useEffect(() => {
    callbackRef.current = callback;
  }, [callback]);

  // Cleanup on unmount
  useEffect(() => {
    return () => {
      if (timeoutRef.current) {
        clearTimeout(timeoutRef.current);
      }
    };
  }, []);

  return useCallback(
    ((...args: Parameters<T>) => {
      if (timeoutRef.current) {
        clearTimeout(timeoutRef.current);
      }

      timeoutRef.current = setTimeout(() => {
        callbackRef.current(...args);
      }, delay);
    }) as T,
    [delay]
  );
}

useThrottle

// hooks/useThrottle.ts
import { useState, useEffect, useRef } from 'react';

export function useThrottle<T>(value: T, interval: number): T {
  const [throttledValue, setThrottledValue] = useState<T>(value);
  const lastExecuted = useRef<number>(Date.now());

  useEffect(() => {
    const now = Date.now();
    const elapsed = now - lastExecuted.current;

    if (elapsed >= interval) {
      lastExecuted.current = now;
      setThrottledValue(value);
    } else {
      const timer = setTimeout(() => {
        lastExecuted.current = Date.now();
        setThrottledValue(value);
      }, interval - elapsed);

      return () => clearTimeout(timer);
    }
  }, [value, interval]);

  return throttledValue;
}

useClickOutside

// hooks/useClickOutside.ts
import { useEffect, useRef, RefObject } from 'react';

export function useClickOutside<T extends HTMLElement>(
  handler: () => void
): RefObject<T> {
  const ref = useRef<T>(null);

  useEffect(() => {
    const handleClick = (event: MouseEvent | TouchEvent) => {
      if (ref.current && !ref.current.contains(event.target as Node)) {
        handler();
      }
    };

    document.addEventListener('mousedown', handleClick);
    document.addEventListener('touchstart', handleClick);

    return () => {
      document.removeEventListener('mousedown', handleClick);
      document.removeEventListener('touchstart', handleClick);
    };
  }, [handler]);

  return ref;
}

// Usage
function Dropdown() {
  const [isOpen, setIsOpen] = useState(false);
  const ref = useClickOutside<HTMLDivElement>(() => setIsOpen(false));

  return (
    <div ref={ref}>
      <button onClick={() => setIsOpen(true)}>Open</button>
      {isOpen && <div>Dropdown content</div>}
    </div>
  );
}

useMediaQuery

// hooks/useMediaQuery.ts
import { useState, useEffect } from 'react';

export function useMediaQuery(query: string): boolean {
  const [matches, setMatches] = useState(() => {
    if (typeof window === 'undefined') return false;
    return window.matchMedia(query).matches;
  });

  useEffect(() => {
    const mediaQuery = window.matchMedia(query);

    const handleChange = (event: MediaQueryListEvent) => {
      setMatches(event.matches);
    };

    // Set initial value
    setMatches(mediaQuery.matches);

    mediaQuery.addEventListener('change', handleChange);
    return () => mediaQuery.removeEventListener('change', handleChange);
  }, [query]);

  return matches;
}

// Convenience hooks
export function useIsMobile() {
  return useMediaQuery('(max-width: 768px)');
}

export function usePrefersDarkMode() {
  return useMediaQuery('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)');
}

export function usePrefersReducedMotion() {
  return useMediaQuery('(prefers-reduced-motion: reduce)');
}

usePrevious

// hooks/usePrevious.ts
import { useRef, useEffect } from 'react';

export function usePrevious<T>(value: T): T | undefined {
  const ref = useRef<T>();

  useEffect(() => {
    ref.current = value;
  }, [value]);

  return ref.current;
}

// Usage
function Counter() {
  const [count, setCount] = useState(0);
  const prevCount = usePrevious(count);

  return (
    <div>
      <p>Current: {count}, Previous: {prevCount}</p>
      <button onClick={() => setCount(count + 1)}>Increment</button>
    </div>
  );
}

useToggle

// hooks/useToggle.ts
import { useState, useCallback } from 'react';

export function useToggle(
  initialValue = false
): [boolean, () => void, (value: boolean) => void] {
  const [value, setValue] = useState(initialValue);

  const toggle = useCallback(() => setValue((v) => !v), []);
  const set = useCallback((v: boolean) => setValue(v), []);

  return [value, toggle, set];
}

// Usage
function Modal() {
  const [isOpen, toggle, setIsOpen] = useToggle();

  return (
    <>
      <button onClick={toggle}>Toggle Modal</button>
      {isOpen && <div>Modal Content</div>}
    </>
  );
}

useCopyToClipboard

// hooks/useCopyToClipboard.ts
import { useState, useCallback } from 'react';

interface UseCopyToClipboardResult {
  copiedText: string | null;
  copy: (text: string) => Promise<boolean>;
}

export function useCopyToClipboard(): UseCopyToClipboardResult {
  const [copiedText, setCopiedText] = useState<string | null>(null);

  const copy = useCallback(async (text: string) => {
    if (!navigator?.clipboard) {
      console.warn('Clipboard not supported');
      return false;
    }

    try {
      await navigator.clipboard.writeText(text);
      setCopiedText(text);
      return true;
    } catch (error) {
      console.error('Failed to copy:', error);
      setCopiedText(null);
      return false;
    }
  }, []);

  return { copiedText, copy };
}

Testing Custom Hooks

// hooks/__tests__/useDebounce.test.ts
import { renderHook, act } from '@testing-library/react';
import { useDebounce } from '../useDebounce';

describe('useDebounce', () => {
  beforeEach(() => {
    jest.useFakeTimers();
  });

  afterEach(() => {
    jest.useRealTimers();
  });

  it('returns initial value immediately', () => {
    const { result } = renderHook(() => useDebounce('initial', 500));
    expect(result.current).toBe('initial');
  });

  it('debounces value changes', () => {
    const { result, rerender } = renderHook(
      ({ value }) => useDebounce(value, 500),
      { initialProps: { value: 'initial' } }
    );

    rerender({ value: 'updated' });
    expect(result.current).toBe('initial');

    act(() => {
      jest.advanceTimersByTime(500);
    });

    expect(result.current).toBe('updated');
  });

  it('cancels pending updates on rapid changes', () => {
    const { result, rerender } = renderHook(
      ({ value }) => useDebounce(value, 500),
      { initialProps: { value: 'a' } }
    );

    rerender({ value: 'b' });
    act(() => jest.advanceTimersByTime(200));

    rerender({ value: 'c' });
    act(() => jest.advanceTimersByTime(200));

    rerender({ value: 'd' });
    act(() => jest.advanceTimersByTime(500));

    expect(result.current).toBe('d');
  });
});

Best Practices

Start with use: All hooks must start with use
Single responsibility: Each hook does one thing well
Return consistent types: Always return same shape
Handle cleanup: Use useEffect cleanup for subscriptions
Memoize callbacks: Use useCallback for stable references
Type everything: Full TypeScript types with generics
Document API: JSDoc comments for parameters
Test all states: Loading, error, success, edge cases

Output Checklist

Every custom hook should include:

Hook name starts with use
Full TypeScript types for inputs and outputs
Proper cleanup in useEffect
Stable callback references with useCallback
Error handling for edge cases
SSR safety (check for window)
Unit tests covering all states
JSDoc documentation
Usage example in comments

react-hook-builder

React Hook Builder

Core Workflow

Hook Naming Conventions

Data Fetching Hooks

useFetch

useMutation

Form Hooks

useForm

Storage Hooks

useLocalStorage

useSessionStorage

Utility Hooks

useDebounce

useDebouncedCallback

useThrottle

useClickOutside

useMediaQuery

usePrevious

useToggle

useCopyToClipboard

Testing Custom Hooks

Best Practices

Output Checklist