Model Queries

CRUD operations for your Prisma models.

Read Operations

findUnique

Find a single record by unique field:

const user = await prisma.user.findUnique({
  where: { id: 1 }
})

const user = await prisma.user.findUnique({
  where: { email: 'alice@prisma.io' }
})

With composite unique key

// Model with @@unique([firstName, lastName])
const user = await prisma.user.findUnique({
  where: {
    firstName_lastName: {
      firstName: 'Alice',
      lastName: 'Smith'
    }
  }
})

findUniqueOrThrow

Same as findUnique but throws if not found:

const user = await prisma.user.findUniqueOrThrow({
  where: { id: 1 }
})
// Throws PrismaClientKnownRequestError if not found

findFirst

Find first matching record:

const user = await prisma.user.findFirst({
  where: { role: 'ADMIN' },
  orderBy: { createdAt: 'desc' }
})

findFirstOrThrow

const user = await prisma.user.findFirstOrThrow({
  where: { role: 'ADMIN' }
})

findMany

Find multiple records:

const users = await prisma.user.findMany({
  where: { role: 'USER' },
  orderBy: { name: 'asc' },
  take: 10,
  skip: 0
})

Create Operations

create

Create a single record:

const user = await prisma.user.create({
  data: {
    email: 'alice@prisma.io',
    name: 'Alice'
  }
})

With relations

const user = await prisma.user.create({
  data: {
    email: 'alice@prisma.io',
    posts: {
      create: [
        { title: 'First Post' },
        { title: 'Second Post' }
      ]
    }
  },
  include: { posts: true }
})

createMany

Create multiple records:

const result = await prisma.user.createMany({
  data: [
    { email: 'alice@prisma.io', name: 'Alice' },
    { email: 'bob@prisma.io', name: 'Bob' }
  ],
  skipDuplicates: true  // Skip records with duplicate unique fields
})
// Returns { count: 2 }

createManyAndReturn

Create multiple and return them:

const users = await prisma.user.createManyAndReturn({
  data: [
    { email: 'alice@prisma.io', name: 'Alice' },
    { email: 'bob@prisma.io', name: 'Bob' }
  ]
})
// Returns array of created users

Update Operations

update

Update a single record:

const user = await prisma.user.update({
  where: { id: 1 },
  data: { name: 'Alice Smith' }
})

Atomic operations

const post = await prisma.post.update({
  where: { id: 1 },
  data: {
    views: { increment: 1 },
    likes: { decrement: 1 },
    score: { multiply: 2 },
    rating: { divide: 2 },
    version: { set: 5 }
  }
})

updateMany

Update multiple records:

const result = await prisma.user.updateMany({
  where: { role: 'USER' },
  data: { verified: true }
})
// Returns { count: 42 }

updateManyAndReturn

const users = await prisma.user.updateManyAndReturn({
  where: { role: 'USER' },
  data: { verified: true }
})
// Returns array of updated users

upsert

Update or create:

const user = await prisma.user.upsert({
  where: { email: 'alice@prisma.io' },
  update: { name: 'Alice Smith' },
  create: { email: 'alice@prisma.io', name: 'Alice' }
})

Delete Operations

delete

Delete a single record:

const user = await prisma.user.delete({
  where: { id: 1 }
})
// Returns deleted record

deleteMany

Delete multiple records:

const result = await prisma.user.deleteMany({
  where: { role: 'GUEST' }
})
// Returns { count: 5 }

// Delete all
const result = await prisma.user.deleteMany({})

Aggregation Operations

count

const count = await prisma.user.count({
  where: { role: 'ADMIN' }
})

aggregate

const result = await prisma.post.aggregate({
  _avg: { views: true },
  _sum: { views: true },
  _min: { views: true },
  _max: { views: true },
  _count: { _all: true }
})

groupBy

const groups = await prisma.user.groupBy({
  by: ['country'],
  _count: { _all: true },
  _avg: { age: true },
  having: {
    age: { _avg: { gt: 30 } }
  }
})

Return Types

Method	Returns
findUnique	Record | null
findUniqueOrThrow	Record (throws if not found)
findFirst	Record | null
findFirstOrThrow	Record (throws if not found)
findMany	Record[]
create	Record
createMany	{ count: number }
createManyAndReturn	Record[]
update	Record
updateMany	{ count: number }
delete	Record
deleteMany	{ count: number }
count	number
aggregate	Aggregate result
groupBy	Group result[]