let client = Client::new() .set_endpoint("https://.cloud.appwrite.io/v1") .set_project(env::var("APPWRITE_PROJECT_ID")?) .set_key(env::var("APPWRITE_API_KEY")?);


### Complete server skeleton

```rust
use appwrite::query::Query;
use appwrite::services::Users;
use appwrite::Client;
use std::env;

#[tokio::main]
async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
    let client = Client::new()
        .set_endpoint("https://<REGION>.cloud.appwrite.io/v1")
        .set_project(env::var("APPWRITE_PROJECT_ID")?)
        .set_key(env::var("APPWRITE_API_KEY")?);

    let users = Users::new(&client);
    let _list = users
        .list(Some(vec![Query::limit(25).to_string()]), None, Some(true))
        .await?;

    Ok(())
}

Code Examples

User Management

use appwrite::id::ID;
use appwrite::query::Query;
use appwrite::services::Users;

let users = Users::new(&client);

// Create user
let _user = users
    .create(
        ID::unique(),
        Some("user@example.com"),
        None,
        Some("password123"),
        Some("User Name"),
    )
    .await?;

// List users
let _list = users
    .list(Some(vec![Query::limit(25).to_string()]), None, Some(true))
    .await?;

// Get user
let _fetched = users.get("[USER_ID]").await?;

// Delete user
users.delete("[USER_ID]").await?;

Database Operations

Note: Use TablesDB for new code. Only use Databases if the existing project explicitly depends on the legacy Databases API.

Rust SDK calling convention: Methods are async, use positional parameters, and represent optional API parameters as Option<T>. Pass None for optional values you are not setting.

use appwrite::id::ID;
use appwrite::permission::Permission;
use appwrite::query::Query;
use appwrite::role::Role;
use appwrite::services::TablesDB;
use serde_json::json;

let tables_db = TablesDB::new(&client);

// Create database
let _database = tables_db
    .create(ID::unique(), "My Database", Some(true))
    .await?;

// Create table
let _table = tables_db
    .create_table(
        "[DATABASE_ID]",
        ID::unique(),
        "articles",
        Some(vec![
            Permission::read(Role::any()).to_string(),
            Permission::create(Role::users(None)).to_string(),
        ]),
        Some(true),
        Some(true),
        None,
        None,
    )
    .await?;

// Create row
let _row = tables_db
    .create_row(
        "[DATABASE_ID]",
        "[TABLE_ID]",
        ID::unique(),
        json!({
            "title": "Hello World",
            "done": false
        }),
        None,
        None,
    )
    .await?;

// Query rows
let _rows = tables_db
    .list_rows(
        "[DATABASE_ID]",
        "[TABLE_ID]",
        Some(vec![
            Query::equal("done", false).to_string(),
            Query::limit(10).to_string(),
        ]),
        None,
        Some(true),
        None,
    )
    .await?;

// Get row
let _row = tables_db
    .get_row("[DATABASE_ID]", "[TABLE_ID]", "[ROW_ID]", None, None)
    .await?;

// Update row
let _updated = tables_db
    .update_row(
        "[DATABASE_ID]",
        "[TABLE_ID]",
        "[ROW_ID]",
        Some(json!({ "done": true })),
        None,
        None,
    )
    .await?;

// Delete row
tables_db
    .delete_row("[DATABASE_ID]", "[TABLE_ID]", "[ROW_ID]", None)
    .await?;

String Column Types

Note: The legacy string column type is deprecated. Use explicit string column types for new tables.

Type	Max characters	Indexing	Storage
`varchar`	16,383	Full index (if size <= 768)	Inline in row
`text`	16,383	Prefix only	Off-page
`mediumtext`	4,194,303	Prefix only	Off-page
`longtext`	1,073,741,823	Prefix only	Off-page

varchar is stored inline and counts toward the 64 KB row size limit. Prefer it for short, indexed fields like names, slugs, and identifiers.
text, mediumtext, and longtext are stored off-page, so they do not consume the row size budget. size is not required for these types.

use appwrite::enums::{OrderBy, TablesDBIndexType};

// Short, indexed string
let _title = tables_db
    .create_varchar_column(
        "[DATABASE_ID]",
        "[TABLE_ID]",
        "title",
        255,
        true,
        None,
        None,
        None,
    )
    .await?;

// Off-page longer text
let _summary = tables_db
    .create_text_column("[DATABASE_ID]", "[TABLE_ID]", "summary", false, None, None, None)
    .await?;

let _body = tables_db
    .create_mediumtext_column("[DATABASE_ID]", "[TABLE_ID]", "body", false, None, None, None)
    .await?;

let _raw_data = tables_db
    .create_longtext_column("[DATABASE_ID]", "[TABLE_ID]", "raw_data", false, None, None, None)
    .await?;

// Index only the varchar column fully.
let _index = tables_db
    .create_index(
        "[DATABASE_ID]",
        "[TABLE_ID]",
        "title_idx",
        TablesDBIndexType::Key,
        vec!["title"],
        Some(vec![OrderBy::Asc]),
        Some(vec![255]),
    )
    .await?;

Query Methods

TablesDB methods accept Option<Vec<String>> for queries. Convert each Query to a string.

use appwrite::query::Query;
use serde_json::Value;

let queries = vec![
    Query::equal("status", "published").to_string(),
    Query::not_equal("archived", true).to_string(),
    Query::greater_than("views", 100).to_string(),
    Query::less_than_equal("priority", 5).to_string(),
    Query::between("score", 1, 100).to_string(),
    Query::is_not_null("publishedAt").to_string(),
    Query::search("title", "rust appwrite").to_string(),
    Query::contains("tags", "rust").to_string(),
    Query::order_desc("$createdAt").to_string(),
    Query::limit(25).to_string(),
    Query::offset(50).to_string(),
];

let multi_value = Query::equal(
    "status",
    Value::Array(vec![
        Value::String("draft".to_string()),
        Value::String("published".to_string()),
    ]),
)
.to_string();

let related = Query::relationship(
    "comments",
    vec![
        Query::equal("approved", true).to_string(),
        Query::limit(25).to_string(),
    ],
)
.to_string();

// Aggregations (pass "" for no alias)
let aggregations = vec![
    Query::count("*", "total").to_string(),
    Query::sum("amount", "revenue").to_string(),
    Query::avg("score", "avgScore").to_string(),
    Query::min("price", "minPrice").to_string(),
    Query::max("price", "maxPrice").to_string(),
];

// Grouping
let grouping = vec![
    Query::group_by(["status", "year"]).to_string(),
    Query::having([Query::greater_than("total", 1).to_string()]).to_string(),
    Query::distinct().to_string(),
];

// Joins (table id, left key, right key, operator, alias; "" for no alias)
let joins = vec![
    Query::join("orders", "$id", "customerId", "=", "").to_string(),
    Query::left_join("orders", "$id", "customerId", "=", "ord").to_string(),
    Query::left_join_on(
        "orders",
        "ord",
        [
            Query::on("$id", "customerId", "=").to_string(),
            Query::equal("ord.status", "paid").to_string(),
        ],
    )
    .to_string(),
];

// Fluent builder. Pass build() into list methods.
let queries = Query::builder()
    .equal("status", "published")
    .left_join("orders", "$id", "customerId", "=", "ord")
    .count("*", "total")
    .group_by(["status"])
    .limit(25)
    .build();

let _rows = tables_db
    .list_rows("[DATABASE_ID]", "[TABLE_ID]", Some(queries), None, None, None)
    .await?;

File Storage

use appwrite::id::ID;
use appwrite::input_file::InputFile;
use appwrite::permission::Permission;
use appwrite::query::Query;
use appwrite::role::Role;
use appwrite::services::Storage;

let storage = Storage::new(&client);

// Create bucket
let _bucket = storage
    .create_bucket(
        ID::unique(),
        "Uploads",
        Some(vec![
            Permission::read(Role::any()).to_string(),
            Permission::create(Role::users(None)).to_string(),
        ]),
        Some(true),
        Some(true),
        Some(30_000_000),
        Some(vec!["jpg".to_string(), "png".to_string(), "pdf".to_string()]),
        None,
        Some(true),
        Some(true),
        Some(true),
    )
    .await?;

// Upload from disk
let input = InputFile::from_path("avatar.png", Some("image/png")).await?;
let _file = storage
    .create_file(
        "[BUCKET_ID]",
        ID::unique(),
        input,
        Some(vec![Permission::read(Role::any()).to_string()]),
    )
    .await?;

// Upload from bytes
let input = InputFile::from_bytes(b"hello".to_vec(), "hello.txt", Some("text/plain"));
let _file = storage.create_file("[BUCKET_ID]", ID::unique(), input, None).await?;

// List files
let _files = storage
    .list_files("[BUCKET_ID]", Some(vec![Query::limit(10).to_string()]), None, Some(true))
    .await?;

// Download file bytes
let _content = storage
    .get_file_download("[BUCKET_ID]", "[FILE_ID]", None)
    .await?;

// Delete file
storage.delete_file("[BUCKET_ID]", "[FILE_ID]").await?;

Functions

use appwrite::enums::ExecutionMethod;
use appwrite::query::Query;
use appwrite::services::Functions;
use serde_json::json;

let functions = Functions::new(&client);

// List functions
let _functions = functions
    .list(Some(vec![Query::limit(25).to_string()]), None, Some(true))
    .await?;

// Execute function
let _execution = functions
    .create_execution(
        "[FUNCTION_ID]",
        Some(r#"{"hello":"world"}"#),
        Some(false),
        Some("/jobs/sync"),
        Some(ExecutionMethod::POST),
        Some(json!({ "content-type": "application/json" })),
        None,
    )
    .await?;

// Get execution
let _execution = functions
    .get_execution("[FUNCTION_ID]", "[EXECUTION_ID]")
    .await?;

Permissions

use appwrite::permission::Permission;
use appwrite::role::Role;

let permissions = vec![
    Permission::read(Role::any()).to_string(),
    Permission::create(Role::users(None)).to_string(),
    Permission::update(Role::user("[USER_ID]", None)).to_string(),
    Permission::delete(Role::team("[TEAM_ID]", Some("owner"))).to_string(),
];

Error Handling

match users.get("[USER_ID]").await {
    Ok(user) => {
        let _user = user;
    }
    Err(error) if error.status_code() == 404 => {
        eprintln!("User not found: {}", error.get_message());
    }
    Err(error) => {
        eprintln!("Appwrite error {}: {}", error.status_code(), error.get_message());
        return Err(Box::new(error) as Box<dyn std::error::Error>);
    }
}

Common Pitfalls

The Rust SDK is currently a server-side SDK. Prefer TypeScript/Web, Flutter, Apple, Android, or React Native SDKs for browser/mobile client auth flows.
Always await service calls.
Pass None for optional parameters you are not using.
Use TablesDB, not legacy Databases, for new database code.
Convert queries with .to_string() before passing them to APIs that expect Option<Vec<String>>.
Use serde_json::json!({...}) for row data and JSON bodies.
Use InputFile::from_path(...).await? or InputFile::from_bytes(...) for uploads.

appwrite-rust

Appwrite Rust SDK

Installation

Setting Up the Client