Orchestrating Agents

This skill enables programmatic invocations for advanced workflows including parallel processing, task delegation, multi-agent analysis, and cost-optimized cross-vendor routing. Supports four CLI backends:

CLI	Command	Cost Model	Ecosystem Access	Notes
Claude Code	claude	Per-token (Anthropic API)	Native	Default orchestrator
Cursor Agent	agent	Flat subscription	37 models (GPT-5.x, Claude 4.x, Gemini 3.x, Grok)	Skill discovery buggy — use as leaf executor
Gemini CLI	gemini	Subscription	Full (loads from ~/.agents/skills/)	Full ecosystem access
Codex CLI	codex	Subscription	Full (scans repo + ~/.codex/skills/)	Built-in review command

When to Use This Skill

Primary use cases:

• Parallel sub-tasks: Break complex analysis into simultaneous independent streams
• Multi-perspective analysis: Get 3-5 different expert viewpoints concurrently
• Cost-optimized delegation: Route tasks to the cheapest capable backend
• Cross-vendor workflows: Use Gemini/Codex for T2 tasks, Claude for T3 validation
• Recursive workflows: Orchestrator coordinating multiple API instances
• High-volume processing: Batch process multiple items concurrently

Trigger patterns:

• "Parallel analysis", "multi-perspective review", "concurrent processing"
• "Delegate subtasks", "coordinate multiple agents"
• "Optimize token cost", "use cheaper model for this"
• "Run analyses from different perspectives"

Cost-Optimized Tier Routing

Route tasks to the cheapest backend that can handle them. See I14-MATO charter for full tier classification.

Tier Model

Tier	Label	Route To	Use When
T1	Mechanical	Local scripts, linters, tsc	Deterministic: formatting, validation, file search
T2	Analytical	gemini, codex, agent, claude --model haiku	Pattern-following: docs review, style checks, boilerplate, summarization
T3	Strategic	claude --model sonnet or claude --model opus	Novel judgment: architecture, TDD coaching, security analysis

Delegation Decision

Is this deterministic? ──yes──► T1 (local script)
        │ no
Does it follow established patterns? ──yes──► T2 (gemini/codex/agent/haiku)
        │ no
Requires novel judgment? ──yes──► T3 (claude sonnet/opus)

Validation Sandwich Pattern

Cheap agents generate, expensive agents validate. This preserves quality while reducing cost.

T2 Agent (cheap)         T3 Agent (expensive)
    │                         │
    │  Produce work           │
    │────────────────────────►│
    │                         │  Validate work
    │                         │  (cheaper than
    │                         │   produce + validate)
    │  Accept / Reject        │
    │◄────────────────────────│

Works because validation processes only the diff/findings, not the full reasoning chain.

CLI Quick Reference

Claude Code (claude)

# Non-interactive with model selection
claude -p "analyze this code" --model sonnet
claude -p "quick summary" --model haiku
claude -p "complex architecture review" --model opus

# With budget cap
claude -p "task" --model haiku --max-budget-usd 0.05

# JSON output for programmatic consumption
claude -p "list issues" --model sonnet --output-format json

Key flags: -p (print/non-interactive), --model (haiku/sonnet/opus), --max-budget-usd, --output-format (text/json/stream-json).

Cursor Agent (agent)

# Non-interactive with model selection (37 models available)
agent -p "review this diff for style" --model gpt-5.3-codex
agent -p "generate test data" --model gemini-3-flash
agent -p "summarize changes" --model sonnet-4.6

# List available models
agent --list-models

# Read-only modes
agent -p "explain this function" --mode ask
agent -p "propose a refactoring plan" --mode plan

Key flags: -p (print/non-interactive), --model, --mode (plan/ask), --output-format (text/json/stream-json), --force/--yolo (auto-approve).

Known limitations (as of 2026-02): Cannot consistently find user skills. Missing Task tool for subagent dispatch. Use as leaf executor only — embed all context in prompt. Requires --trust flag for non-interactive use. Subject to monthly Pro usage limits — all models rate-limited when quota exhausted.

Gemini CLI (gemini)

# Non-interactive
gemini -p "summarize this file" < file.ts
gemini -p "generate REST endpoint boilerplate" -m gemini-2.5-pro

# With output format
gemini -p "list code issues" -o json

# Auto-approve mode (for trusted operations)
gemini -p "format this code" --approval-mode yolo

Key flags: -p/--prompt (non-interactive), -m/--model, -o/--output-format (text/json/stream-json), --approval-mode (default/auto_edit/yolo/plan).

Ecosystem access: Loads skills from ~/.agents/skills/ and ~/.gemini/skills/. Reads AGENTS.md. Full agent/skill/command discovery confirmed.

Auth note: Requires interactive terminal for OAuth consent on first use. Pre-authenticate by running gemini interactively before using in non-interactive delegation. Cannot be invoked non-interactively from another agent subprocess without prior auth.

Codex CLI (codex)

# Non-interactive execution
codex exec "summarize this code" < file.ts

# Built-in code review
codex exec review

# With model and sandbox control
codex exec -m o3 "generate test data" --sandbox read-only

# Full auto (sandboxed, no approval needed)
codex exec --full-auto "format and lint this file"

Key flags: exec (non-interactive), review (built-in code review), -m/--model, --sandbox (read-only/workspace-write/danger-full-access), --full-auto.

Ecosystem access: Scans repo for agents/skills/commands. Loads skills from ~/.codex/skills/. Full discovery confirmed.

Cross-Vendor Delegation Examples

Example 1: Docs Review — T2 First Pass + T3 Validation

# T2: Gemini does structural/grammar check (subscription cost)
gemini -p "Review this document for spelling, grammar, broken links, and structural completeness. Output a findings list." < README.md > /tmp/docs-t2-findings.txt

# T3: Claude validates content accuracy (per-token cost, but smaller input)
claude -p "Review this document for content accuracy, API correctness, and conceptual clarity. Also review these T2 findings and filter out false positives: $(cat /tmp/docs-t2-findings.txt)" --model sonnet < README.md

Example 2: Code Review — Style Pass + Architecture Pass

# T2: Codex does style/lint review (subscription cost, has built-in review)
codex exec review > /tmp/codex-review.txt

# T3: Claude does architectural review with Codex findings as context
git diff HEAD~1 | claude -p "Review this diff for architectural concerns, subtle bugs, and design pattern issues. Codex already found these style issues (ignore duplicates): $(cat /tmp/codex-review.txt)" --model sonnet

Example 3: Research Delegation

# T2: Gemini gathers raw research (subscription cost)
gemini -p "Research the latest best practices for TypeScript monorepo tooling in 2026. List tools, trade-offs, and recommendations with links." -o text > /tmp/research-raw.txt

# T3: Claude synthesizes and evaluates (per-token, but smaller focused input)
claude -p "Evaluate this research for our project. Given our constraints (TypeScript strict, Vitest, pnpm), which recommendation fits best and why? Research: $(cat /tmp/research-raw.txt)" --model sonnet

Example 4: Cursor Agent as Multi-Model Proxy

# Use Cursor's flat subscription to access GPT-5.3 for free
agent -p "Generate 20 realistic test user records as JSON with name, email, role, created_at" --model gpt-5.3-codex

# Use Cursor to access Gemini 3 Flash for summarization
agent -p "Summarize the key changes in this diff" --model gemini-3-flash < diff.txt

# Use Cursor to access Grok for a different perspective
agent -p "What are the security implications of this code?" --model grok < auth.ts

Programmatic Invocation (Python)

Single Invocation

import sys
from pathlib import Path
sys.path.insert(0, str(Path(__file__).resolve().parent / "skills" / "orchestrating-agents" / "scripts"))
from claude_client import invoke_claude

response = invoke_claude(
    prompt="Analyze this code for security vulnerabilities: ...",
)
print(response)

Parallel Multi-Perspective Analysis

from claude_client import invoke_parallel

prompts = [
    {
        "prompt": "Analyze from security perspective: ...",
        "system": "You are a security expert"
    },
    {
        "prompt": "Analyze from performance perspective: ...",
        "system": "You are a performance optimization expert"
    },
    {
        "prompt": "Analyze from maintainability perspective: ...",
        "system": "You are a software architecture expert"
    }
]

results = invoke_parallel(prompts)

for i, result in enumerate(results):
    print(f"\n=== Perspective {i+1} ===")
    print(result)

Parallel with Shared Context

from claude_client import invoke_parallel

base_context = """
<codebase>
...large codebase or documentation...
</codebase>
"""

prompts = [
    {"prompt": "Find security vulnerabilities in the authentication module"},
    {"prompt": "Identify performance bottlenecks in the API layer"},
    {"prompt": "Suggest refactoring opportunities in the database layer"}
]

results = invoke_parallel(prompts, shared_system=base_context)

Multi-Turn Conversation

from claude_client import ConversationThread

agent = ConversationThread(
    system="You are a code refactoring expert with access to the codebase",
    cache_system=True
)

response1 = agent.send("Analyze the UserAuth class for issues")
response2 = agent.send("How would you refactor the login method?")
response3 = agent.send("Show me the refactored code")

Streaming and Interruptible Operations

from claude_client import invoke_claude_streaming, invoke_parallel_interruptible, InterruptToken

# Streaming
response = invoke_claude_streaming(
    "Write a comprehensive security analysis...",
    callback=lambda chunk: print(chunk, end='', flush=True)
)

# Interruptible parallel
token = InterruptToken()
results = invoke_parallel_interruptible(prompts=[...], interrupt_token=token)
# Call token.interrupt() to cancel

Core Functions

invoke_claude()

invoke_claude(
    prompt: str | list[dict],
    model: str = "claude-sonnet-4-5-20250929",
    system: str | list[dict] | None = None,
    max_tokens: int = 4096,
    temperature: float = 1.0,
    streaming: bool = False,
    cache_system: bool = False,
    cache_prompt: bool = False,
    messages: list[dict] | None = None,
    **kwargs
) -> str

Note: cache_system, cache_prompt ignored for CLI backends. Optional timeout in kwargs (default 300).

invoke_parallel()

invoke_parallel(
    prompts: list[dict],
    max_workers: int = 5,
    shared_system: str | list[dict] | None = None,
) -> list[str]

ConversationThread

thread = ConversationThread(system="...", cache_system=True)
response = thread.send("message")

Methods: send(), get_messages(), clear(), __len__().

Setup

Prerequisites: Install at least one supported CLI. All four are recommended for cost optimization.

# Claude Code (default orchestrator)
npm install -g @anthropic-ai/claude-code
claude login

# Cursor Agent (flat-rate multi-model proxy)
# Visit https://cursor.com/install for installation instructions
agent login

# Gemini CLI
npm install -g @anthropic-ai/gemini-cli  # or via Google's install method
gemini  # auth via browser on first run

# Codex CLI
npm install -g @openai/codex
codex login

Verify all backends:

claude -p "Reply OK" --output-format text
agent -p "Reply OK" --output-format text
gemini -p "Reply OK" -o text
codex exec "Reply OK"

Auto-detection: The Python client tries claude → codex → gemini → cursor in order. To force a backend, use invoke_cli(prompt, backend="codex") or any registered backend key.

Pre-flight Backend Check

Verify backend availability once and cache for 1 hour. Use at session start or before dispatch.

from preflight import check_backends

available = check_backends()          # {"claude": True, "codex": True, "gemini": False, "cursor": False}
available = check_backends(force=True) # bypass cache, re-probe all

• Probes via shutil.which (fast, no subprocess)
• Cache stored in /tmp/preflight_backends_cache.json with owner-only permissions
• Symlink-safe writes (checks for symlinks before writing)
• Best-effort: cache write failures are silently ignored

/dispatch Command

Route tasks to the cheapest capable backend via /dispatch <task description>. See commands/dispatch/dispatch.md.

Classification: T1 (local scripts) → T2 (gemini/codex) → T3 (claude sonnet/opus). Fallback chain: gemini → codex → claude-haiku → claude-sonnet.

Cross-Vendor Telemetry

Best-effort invocation telemetry via telemetry_helper.py. POSTs events to Tinybird when configured.

from telemetry_helper import emit_invocation

emit_invocation(backend="codex", prompt_length=150, duration_ms=1200, success=True)

Requires env vars: TB_INGEST_TOKEN, TB_INGEST_URL (HTTPS only — silently refuses HTTP).

Payload: backend, prompt_length, duration_ms, success, timestamp.

Integrated into invoke_cli: Telemetry emits on all exit paths (success, non-zero exit, timeout, FileNotFoundError) to avoid survivorship bias.

Error Handling

from claude_client import invoke_claude, ClaudeInvocationError

try:
    response = invoke_claude("Your prompt here")
except ClaudeInvocationError as e:
    print(f"API Error: {e}")
    print(f"Status: {e.status_code}")
    print(f"Details: {e.details}")
except ValueError as e:
    print(f"Configuration Error: {e}")

Common errors:

• No CLI found: Install the relevant CLI (see Setup)
• Not authenticated: Run login for the relevant CLI
• Timeout: Increase timeout in kwargs (default 300s)
• Non-zero exit: Check stderr on ClaudeInvocationError

Best Practices

1. Route by tier — Use the cheapest backend that can handle the task
2. Validate with T3 — Cheap agents generate, Claude validates (validation sandwich)
3. Use parallel invocations for independent tasks only — Don't parallelize sequential dependencies
4. Set appropriate system prompts — Define clear roles/expertise for each instance
5. Embed context for Cursor — Cursor can't reliably discover skills; pass full context in prompt
6. Test with small batches first — Verify prompts work before scaling
7. Prefer codex exec review — Built-in code review is free with subscription

See Also

• references/api-reference.md — Detailed Python API documentation
• references/workflows.md — Multi-expert review, parallel analysis, recursive delegation
• I14-MATO Charter (under {CANONICAL_ROOT}/charters/, per /docs/layout) — Full tier classification and roadmap
• Claude Code CLI — Official Claude Code docs
• Cursor Agent CLI — Official Cursor CLI docs