Layout

Structure

• Make the structure reflect the content and its relationships.
• Add containers only when they serve meaning, layout, or behavior.
• Keep related content together; avoid nesting that adds no meaningful grouping.
• Remove redundant containers and superseded layout rules instead of adding compensating layers.

Arrangement

• Give each layout responsibility one owner.
• Let parents arrange children; let children arrange their own contents.
• Define repeated spacing and alignment rules once.
• Express layout through flow, alignment, spacing, and sizing constraints.
• Define how elements grow, shrink, and wrap as available space changes.
• Avoid manual offsets and spacer elements used to compensate for layout structure.

Abstraction