Sensitive Data Security Check

Analyze PHP code for sensitive data exposure vulnerabilities.

Detection Patterns

1. Hardcoded Credentials

// CRITICAL: Hardcoded password
$pdo = new PDO($dsn, 'admin', 'SuperSecret123!');

// CRITICAL: API key in code
$apiKey = 'sk_live_abc123xyz789';
$stripe = new StripeClient($apiKey);

// CRITICAL: Hardcoded secret
define('JWT_SECRET', 'my-secret-key-123');
const ENCRYPTION_KEY = 'aes256-encryption-key';

2. Credentials in Version Control

// CRITICAL: .env file committed
// Check .gitignore for:
// .env
// *.pem
// *.key
// config/secrets.php

// CRITICAL: Config with real credentials
// config/database.php
return [
    'password' => 'production_password_here',
];

3. PII in Logs

// CRITICAL: Password in logs
$this->logger->info('Login', ['password' => $password]);

// CRITICAL: Credit card in logs
$this->logger->debug('Payment', ['card' => $cardNumber]);

// VULNERABLE: Full user object logged
$this->logger->info('User created', ['user' => $user]);

// VULNERABLE: Exception with sensitive data
throw new Exception("Login failed for password: $password");

4. Sensitive Data in URLs

// CRITICAL: Password in URL
$url = "/reset?token=$token&email=$email&password=$password";

// CRITICAL: API key in URL
$url = "https://api.example.com?key=$apiKey";

// VULNERABLE: Session in URL
session_start();
header("Location: /dashboard?" . SID);

5. Insecure Data Storage

// CRITICAL: Plain text password storage
$user->password = $request->get('password');
$em->persist($user);

// CRITICAL: Storing credit card in plain text
$order->setCreditCard($cardNumber);

// CRITICAL: Symmetric encryption with weak key
$encrypted = openssl_encrypt($ssn, 'aes-256-cbc', 'password');

6. Response Data Exposure

// CRITICAL: Password in API response
return new JsonResponse([
    'user' => $user->toArray(), // May include password hash
]);

// CRITICAL: Internal data exposed
return new JsonResponse([
    'error' => $exception->getMessage(),
    'trace' => $exception->getTraceAsString(),
    'query' => $lastQuery,
]);

7. Debug Information Exposure

// CRITICAL: Debug mode in production
ini_set('display_errors', 1);
error_reporting(E_ALL);

// CRITICAL: phpinfo exposed
phpinfo();

// CRITICAL: var_dump in production
var_dump($user);
print_r($config);

8. Sensitive Comments

// CRITICAL: Credentials in comments
// TODO: Remove before production
// Username: admin
// Password: admin123

// CRITICAL: API keys in comments
// Old API key: sk_test_abc123

9. Backup/Temporary Files

// Check for presence of:
// .sql files (database dumps)
// .bak files (backups)
// .old files
// .swp files (vim swap)
// .DS_Store
// Thumbs.db

10. Error Messages Revealing Data

// CRITICAL: SQL error exposure
try {
    $pdo->query($sql);
} catch (PDOException $e) {
    echo $e->getMessage(); // Reveals table/column names
}

// CRITICAL: File path exposure
if (!file_exists($path)) {
    throw new Exception("File not found: $path");
}

Grep Patterns

# Hardcoded passwords
Grep: "password\s*[=:]\s*['\"][^'\"]{4,}['\"]" -i --glob "**/*.php"

# API keys
Grep: "(api[_-]?key|apikey|secret[_-]?key)\s*[=:]\s*['\"]" -i --glob "**/*.php"

# AWS credentials
Grep: "AKIA[0-9A-Z]{16}" --glob "**/*.php"

# Private keys
Grep: "-----BEGIN (RSA |PRIVATE |EC )" --glob "**/*"

# Logging sensitive fields
Grep: "->log.*password|->info.*password|->debug.*token" -i --glob "**/*.php"

Sensitive Data Types

Type	Examples	Risk
Authentication	Passwords, tokens, API keys	Account takeover
Financial	Credit cards, bank accounts	Financial fraud
PII	SSN, passport, ID numbers	Identity theft
Health	Medical records, diagnoses	Privacy violation
Location	Home address, GPS coords	Physical safety

Severity Classification

Pattern	Severity
Hardcoded production credentials	🔴 Critical
Password in logs	🔴 Critical
API keys in code	🔴 Critical
PII in error messages	🟠 Major
Debug info in production	🟠 Major
Sensitive comments	🟡 Minor

Best Practices

Use Environment Variables

$apiKey = getenv('STRIPE_API_KEY');
$dbPassword = $_ENV['DB_PASSWORD'];

Secure Logging

$this->logger->info('Login attempt', [
    'user_id' => $user->getId(),
    // Never log: password, token, credit card, SSN
]);

Data Masking

function maskEmail(string $email): string
{
    $parts = explode('@', $email);
    return substr($parts[0], 0, 2) . '***@' . $parts[1];
}

function maskCard(string $card): string
{
    return '****-****-****-' . substr($card, -4);
}

Secure Error Handling

try {
    $this->process();
} catch (Exception $e) {
    $this->logger->error('Processing failed', ['exception' => $e]);
    throw new PublicException('An error occurred. Please try again.');
}

Output Format

### Sensitive Data Exposure: [Description]

**Severity:** 🔴/🟠/🟡
**Location:** `file.php:line`
**CWE:** CWE-200 (Exposure of Sensitive Information)

**Issue:**
[Description of the data exposure]

**Data Type:** [Password|API Key|PII|...]

**Code:**
```php
// Vulnerable code

Fix:

// Secure handling