Testing DDD Layers with pytest (Domain / UseCase)

This skill focuses on unit tests for the inner layers:

• Domain: Value Objects + Entities (pure business rules)
• UseCase: application workflows that orchestrate Domain + Repository interfaces

It intentionally avoids full HTTP/API tests unless explicitly requested.

Test strategy (recommended)

1. Domain tests: no mocks, assert invariants and state transitions.
2. UseCase tests: mock repository interfaces (Mock(spec=...)), assert:
   • correct repository method calls
   • correct domain exceptions raised
   • correct entity state transitions
3. Infrastructure/Presentation: add integration tests separately (optional).

Folder structure

Mirror the Onion layers:

tests/
  domain/{aggregate}/...
  usecase/{aggregate}/...
  infrastructure/...   # optional integration tests
  presentation/...     # optional API tests

UseCase testing pattern (dddpy-based)

Use unittest.mock.Mock(spec=RepoInterface) so typos fail fast.

from unittest.mock import Mock
import pytest

@pytest.fixture
def todo_repository_mock():
    return Mock(spec=TodoRepository)

def test_create_todo_calls_save(todo_repository_mock):
    usecase = CreateTodoUseCaseImpl(todo_repository_mock)
    title = TodoTitle("Test")

    todo = usecase.execute(title=title)

    todo_repository_mock.save.assert_called_once_with(todo)

For more examples (Value Object validation, entity lifecycle tests, and exception cases), read references/TESTING.md.