dspy-primitives
DSPy Primitives
Guide the user through DSPy's built-in primitive types for multimodal inputs, code handling, and conversation history.
What are primitives
Primitives are DSPy's custom types that go beyond plain strings. They let you pass images, audio, code, and conversation history directly into signatures. DSPy handles the formatting, encoding, and adapter logic so the LM receives the data in the right format for its provider.
The four primitives:
| Primitive | Purpose | Typical use case |
|---|---|---|
dspy.Image |
Images from URLs, files, or bytes | Vision tasks, image analysis, multimodal Q&A |
dspy.Audio |
Audio from files, URLs, or arrays | Transcription, audio classification |
dspy.Code |
Code with language annotation | Code generation, code review, analysis |
dspy.History |
Conversation turns | Chatbots, multi-turn dialogue, follow-up questions |
dspy.Image
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