rspec-best-practices
RSpec Best Practices
Use this skill when the task is to write, review, or clean up RSpec tests.
Core principle: Prefer behavioral confidence over implementation coupling. Good specs are readable, deterministic, and cheap to maintain.
Quick Reference
| Aspect | Rule |
|---|---|
| Spec types | Model: domain logic; Request: HTTP endpoints (prefer over controller); Job: background processing; Service/PORO: no Rails helpers; System: critical E2E only (slow) |
| Assertions | Test behavior, not implementation |
| Factories | Minimal — only attributes needed; use traits for optional states; prefer build/build_stubbed over create |
| Mocking | Stub external boundaries, not internal code |
| Isolation | Each example independent; no shared mutable state |
| Naming | describe for class/method, context for scenario |
| Service specs | Required: describe '.call' and subject(:result) for the primary invocation |
let vs let! |
Default to let; let! ONLY when object must exist before example runs |
| External service mocking | allow(ServiceClass).to receive(:method) — not instance_double; instance_double only for injected collaborators |
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