Frontend Conventions

A shared system of rules for naming, formatting, and structuring code across HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. Consistency here is what makes a codebase feel like it was written by one person, regardless of team size.

Code Formatting

General

Setting	Value
Indentation	spaces
Tab size	2
Translate tabs to spaces	Yes
Trim trailing whitespace	Yes
New line at end of file	Yes

Quotes by File Type

File type	Quote style
.html	"double"
.css	'single'
.js	'single'
.json	"double"
.yml	none in general; 'single' when forcing a string or using special characters; "double" when parsing escape codes

Naming Cases

What you're naming	Case style
HTML attributes and values	dash-case
CSS custom property	--dash-case
JavaScript variable / function	camelCase
JavaScript class	PascalCase
File names	dash-case.extension

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Naming Prefixes

All CSS classes are prefixed by category so their purpose is immediately visible in HTML.

Category	Prefix
Component	c-
Utility	u-
JavaScript hook	js-

js- classes are never styled — they exist solely as selectors for JavaScript behavior.

Namespacing

When working within a named project or library, prefix everything with a project namespace to prevent collisions:

Scope	Namespace
Global/custom property	--namespace-property-name
Scoped/component property	--prefix-namespace-block-property

Examples:

/* Global token */
var(--mmn-color-bg-primary)

/* Scoped to a component */
var(--c-mmn-card-border-radius)

Frontend Naming Patterns

Type	Pattern	Example
HTML custom element	<namespace-element-name>	<mmn-card>
HTML data attribute	data-namespace-attribute	data-mmn-uuid="rng1928"
CSS selector	class="prefix-namespace-block__element--modifier"	class="c-mmn-card__media--video"
JS selector	class="js-namespace-target"	class="js-mmn-card-for-ab-test"

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Acceptable Abbreviations

Only use abbreviations from this list — everything else is spelled out in full.

Full word	Abbreviation
Image	img
Background	bg
Minimum	min
Maximum	max
Call to action	cta
Column	col
Column span	colspan
Row span	rowspan

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Modifier API

Use these standardized modifier names so any developer can predict class names without checking documentation.

Size Scale

2xs · xs · sm · md · lg · xl · 2xl

<!-- The 2xl heading component -->
<h1 class="c-mmn-heading--2xl">...</h1>

Tints and Shades

xxlight · xlight · light · medium · dark · xdark · xxdark

<!-- The xdark magenta utility color -->
<span class="u-mmn-color-magenta-xdark">...</span>

Hierarchy

primary · secondary · tertiary

<!-- The primary button component -->
<button class="c-mmn-button--primary" type="button">...</button>

Responsive Behavior

Apply a utility or modifier at a specific breakpoint using @from- and @until- suffixes:

Syntax	Meaning
behavior@from-[breakpoint]	Apply from this breakpoint and up
behavior@until-[breakpoint]	Apply below this breakpoint

<!-- Full width from the sm breakpoint and beyond -->
<div class="u-mmn-full-width@from-sm">...</div>

<!-- Full width below the sm breakpoint only -->
<div class="u-mmn-full-width@until-sm">...</div>

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CSS Property Order

Write CSS properties in this order within every rule. Grouping by concern (display → position → size → space → typography → border → background → advanced) makes rules easier to scan and diff.

.selector {
  content;

  /* Display */
  display;
  grid;
  grid-*;
  flex;
  flex-*;
  justify-*;
  align-*;
  place-*;
  order;
  box-sizing;
  appearance;
  visibility;
  opacity;

  /* Position */
  position;
  inset;
  inset-block;
  inset-block-start;
  inset-block-end;
  inset-inline;
  inset-inline-start;
  inset-inline-end;
  float;
  clear;
  transform;
  z-index;

  /* Size */
  inline-size;
  min-inline-size;
  max-inline-size;
  block-size;
  min-block-size;
  max-block-size;
  overflow;
  overflow-block;
  overflow-inline;

  /* Space */
  margin;
  margin-block;
  margin-block-start;
  margin-block-end;
  margin-inline;
  margin-inline-start;
  margin-inline-end;
  padding;
  padding-block;
  padding-block-start;
  padding-block-end;
  padding-inline;
  padding-inline-start;
  padding-inline-end;

  /* Typography */
  font;
  font-family;
  font-style;
  font-size;
  font-weight;
  font-feature-settings;
  font-variant;
  line-height;
  list-style;
  color;
  text-align;
  text-decoration;
  text-transform;
  text-wrap;
  letter-spacing;
  vertical-align;
  cursor;
  pointer-events;
  user-select;

  /* Border */
  border;
  border-radius;
  border-width;
  border-style;
  border-color;
  border-image;
  box-shadow;
  outline;

  /* Background */
  background;
  background-color;
  background-image;
  background-position;
  background-repeat;
  background-size;
  backdrop-filter;

  /* Advanced */
  filter;
  will-change;
  transition;
  animation;
}