meta-analysis
Meta-Analysis Skill
Purpose
Quantitatively synthesize results across multiple studies.
Meta-Analysis Steps
1. Extract Effect Sizes
- Convert to common metric (d, OR, RR)
- Calculate standard errors
2. Choose Model
- Fixed-effect: Assumes single true effect
- Random-effects: Allows heterogeneity
3. Pool Results
- Weight studies (inverse variance)
- Calculate summary effect
- 95% confidence interval
4. Assess Heterogeneity
- I² statistic (0-100%)
- 0-40%: Low heterogeneity
- 40-75%: Moderate
- 75-100%: High
- Q test (statistical significance)
5. Investigate Heterogeneity
- Subgroup analysis
- Meta-regression
- Sensitivity analysis
6. Publication Bias
- Funnel plot
- Egger's test
- Trim-and-fill
Reporting
Example: "Meta-analysis of 15 RCTs (N=1,234) showed a moderate effect, g=0.52, 95% CI[0.38, 0.66], p<.001. Heterogeneity was moderate, I²=58%, suggesting variability in effects."
Version: 1.0.0
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