Laravel Expert — Gotchas & Decisions

Use Context7 for full Laravel docs.

Key Decisions

decisions[4]{choice,use_when}:
  Form Request vs inline,"Form Request for reusable validation. Inline for one-off simple checks"
  Service vs Action class,"Service for stateless business logic. Action (single __invoke) for discrete operations"
  Event/Listener vs direct,"Events for decoupling (notifications/logging). Direct for tightly coupled ops"
  Eloquent vs Query Builder,"Eloquent for domain models with relationships. Query Builder for reports/bulk ops"

Gotchas

• N+1: always with() eager load. Use preventLazyLoading() in AppServiceProvider to catch in dev
• readonly DTOs (PHP 8.2+): readonly class UserData { public function __construct(public string $name) {} }
• updateOrCreate is NOT atomic — race condition possible. Use DB transaction for critical ops
• $model->save() returns bool, not the model — don't chain. Model::create() returns the model
• Mass assignment: $fillable whitelist or $guarded = [] (never use $guarded = [] with user input)
• firstOrFail() throws ModelNotFoundException (404). first() returns null silently
• Queue jobs: always implement ShouldQueue. Without it, runs synchronously despite dispatch()
• Carbon::now() in tests: use $this->travel() or Carbon::setTestNow() for deterministic tests
• Migrations: never edit a deployed migration. Create new migration for changes