pubmed-metaanalysis

What I Do

Search PubMed for meta-analyses and systematic reviews on medical topics using the NCBI E-utilities API. I help you:

• Find meta-analyses on specific medical conditions, treatments, or interventions
• Retrieve article titles, authors, publication dates, and abstracts
• Filter results to focus on systematic reviews and meta-analyses only

When to Use Me

Use this skill when you need to:

• Look up meta-analyses on a medical topic
• Find systematic reviews for evidence-based research
• Get an overview of aggregated research on a health topic

How to Search PubMed for Meta-Analyses

Step 1: Search for Article IDs

Use the NCBI ESearch API to find meta-analyses. The key is adding the meta-analysis[pt] publication type filter.

Base URL:

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/esearch.fcgi

Required Parameters:

• db=pubmed - Search the PubMed database
• term=<SEARCH_QUERY>+AND+meta-analysis[pt] - Your search term + meta-analysis filter
• retmax=20 - Number of results to return (adjust as needed)
• retmode=json - Return JSON format

Example Search URL:

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/esearch.fcgi?db=pubmed&term=diabetes+treatment+AND+meta-analysis[pt]&retmax=20&retmode=json

Alternative Filters:

• systematic+review[pt] - For systematic reviews
• (meta-analysis[pt]+OR+systematic+review[pt]) - For both types

Step 2: Fetch Article Details

Use the NCBI ESummary or EFetch API to get article details using the IDs from Step 1.

ESummary (for basic info):

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/esummary.fcgi?db=pubmed&id=<ID1>,<ID2>,<ID3>&retmode=json

EFetch (for full abstract):

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/efetch.fcgi?db=pubmed&id=<ID1>,<ID2>,<ID3>&rettype=abstract&retmode=text

Step 3: Parse and Present Results

From ESummary JSON response, extract:

• title - Article title
• authors - List of authors (use first author + "et al." for brevity)
• pubdate - Publication date
• source - Journal name
• uid - PubMed ID (PMID)

Complete Example Workflow

1. Search for meta-analyses on "hypertension treatment":

   https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/esearch.fcgi?db=pubmed&term=hypertension+treatment+AND+meta-analysis[pt]&retmax=10&retmode=json
   

2. Get details for returned IDs (e.g., 12345678,23456789):

   https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/esummary.fcgi?db=pubmed&id=12345678,23456789&retmode=json
   

3. Get full abstracts:

   https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/efetch.fcgi?db=pubmed&id=12345678,23456789&rettype=abstract&retmode=text
   

Search Tips

Effective Search Terms

• Use MeSH terms when possible (e.g., "Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2"[Mesh])
• Combine terms with AND or OR
• Use quotes for exact phrases: "cognitive behavioral therapy"

Common Filters

Filter	Description
meta-analysis[pt]	Meta-analyses only
systematic+review[pt]	Systematic reviews only
review[pt]	All review articles
free+full+text[filter]	Only free full-text articles
humans[mh]	Human studies only
english[la]	English language only

Date Filtering

Add date range to search:

• 2020:2024[dp] - Publication date range
• "last 5 years"[dp] - Relative date

Example with date filter:

term=cancer+immunotherapy+AND+meta-analysis[pt]+AND+2020:2024[dp]

Output Format

When presenting results, use this format:

### Meta-Analyses Found: [N] results

1. **[Title]**
   - Authors: [First Author] et al.
   - Journal: [Journal Name], [Year]
   - PMID: [ID] | Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/[ID]/

2. **[Title]**
   ...

Rate Limits

• NCBI allows ~3 requests per second - be mindful of this when making multiple searches
• Always URL-encode search terms with special characters