Excel / XLSX

When to Use

Use when the main artifact is a Microsoft Excel workbook or spreadsheet file, especially when formulas, dates, formatting, merged cells, workbook structure, or cross-platform behavior matter.

Core Rules

1. Choose the workflow by job, not by habit

• Use pandas for analysis, reshaping, and CSV-like tasks.
• Use openpyxl when formulas, styles, sheets, comments, merged cells, or workbook preservation matter.
• Treat CSV as plain data exchange, not as an Excel feature-complete format.
• Reading values, preserving a live workbook, and building a model from scratch are different spreadsheet jobs.

2. Dates are serial numbers with legacy quirks

• Excel stores dates as serial numbers, not real date objects.
• The 1900 date system includes the false leap-day bug, and some workbooks use the 1904 system.
• Time is fractional day data, so formatting and conversion both matter.
• Date correctness is not enough if the number format still displays the wrong thing to the user.